FHIR IG Error handling examples
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1 Error handling examples
This page provides guidance on how a server could handle errors. Examples are provided in XML format but could have been in JSON format as well. Please note: these examples are not considered to be part of the normative content of the implementation guide.
1.1 All interactions
1.1.1 Not authorized
| Scenario | Not authorized. |
| Request | GET [base]/Practitioner/86475712701 |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="01464674-b4b6-11eb-8529-0242ac130003" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error"/>
<code value="security"/>
<details>
<text value="Not authorized to access this resource"/>
</details>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
1.1.2 Invalid authorization
| Scenario | Invalid authorization. |
| Request | GET [base]/Patient/20118482245 |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="131sasdffa-ds32-2380-2343-131s12334234" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error"/>
<code value="security"/>
<details>
<text value="Read access forbidden"/>
</details>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
1.1.3 Resource is not supported
| Scenario | The Resource is not supported by the resource server. |
| Request | GET [base]/Questionnaire |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="3f3f6d70-823f-4c6f-92e9-8693c50723ac" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error" />
<code value="not-supported" />
<details>
<text value="Request for not-supported ResourceType(s) Questionnaire" />
</details>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
1.2 Search
1.2.1 Unkown or unsupported search parameter value
| Scenario |
Unknown or unsupported search parameter value. In this example scenario, the Consent endpoint is supported. Although a system has implemented support for the HCIM TreatmentDirective ( |
| Request | GET [base]/Consent?category=http://snomed.info/sct|11341000146107 |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<Bundle xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="bundle-search-warning"/>
<meta>
<lastUpdated value="2020-03-14T08:23:30+11:00"/>
</meta>
<type value="searchset"/>
<total value="0"/>
<link>
<relation value="self"/>
<url value="https://example.org/fhir/Consent?category=http://snomed.info/sct|11341000146107"/>
</link>
<entry>
<resource>
<OperationOutcome>
<id value="131sadfa-ds32-2380-2343-131sadfa34234" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="warning"/>
<code value="not-found"/>
<details>
<text value="Request for not-supported Consent of category HCIM AdvanceDirective" />
</details>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
</resource>
<search>
<mode value="outcome"/>
</search>
</entry>
</Bundle>
|
1.2.2 Syntactically incorrect parameter
| Scenario | Syntactically incorrect parameter in the search request. |
| Request | GET [base]/Procedure?patient:john |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="1317cae1-ds32-4e80-2343-4fe6sdfsaxzxfdfs" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error" />
<code value="invalid" />
<details>
<text value="Argument lacks the name/value separator '=' or has no value" />
</details>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
1.3 Read
1.3.1 Request on an unknown id
| Scenario | The id is not known by the server. |
| Request | GET [base]/Patient/wrong-id |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="1317cae1-ds32-4e80-2340-4fe6sdfae321xf" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error"/>
<code value="not-found"/>
<diagnostics value="Resource Id "Patient/wrong-id" does not exist"/>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
1.4 Create/Update
1.4.1 No or incorrect Resource id
| Scenario | Update an existing Patient resource, using a wrong id in the Resource. |
| Request | PUT [base]/Patient/34235234 |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - request |
|---|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Patient xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="wrong-id"/>
<name>
<use value="official"/>
<family value="Case"/>
<given value="Justin"/>
</name>
</Patient>
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="1317cae1-ds32-4e80-aaf0-4fe687fsdfsdf" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error" />
<code value="invalid" />
<details>
<text value="Id in request (34235234) and in resource (wrong-id) must match." />
</details>
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
1.4.2 Resource syntax or data is incorrect, invalid or unsupported
| Scenario | Resource syntax or data is incorrect, invalid or unsupported. |
| Request | POST [base]/Patient |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - request |
|---|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Patient xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="example"/>
<name>
<use value="official"/>
<family value="Case"/>
<given value="Justin"/>
</name>
<telecom>
<value value="061234567"/>
<use value="mobile"/>
<rank value="2"/>
</telecom>
</Patient>
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="1317cae1-2ee2-4e80-aaf0-4fe687ffd5f9" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error" />
<code value="invariant" />
<details>
<text value="Instance failed constraint cpt-2 "A system is required if a value is provided."" />
</details>
<diagnostics value="value.empty() or system.exists()" />
<location value="Patient.telecom[0]" />
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|
| Scenario | Resource syntax or data is incorrect, invalid or unsupported. |
| Request | POST [base]/Observation |
| Response |
|
| XML contents - request |
|---|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Observation xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="example"/>
...
<category>
<coding>
<system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/observation-category"/>
<code value="vital-signs"/>
<display value="Vital Signs"/>
</coding>
</category>
<code>
<coding>
<system value="http://loinc.org"/>
<code value="39156-5"/>
<display value="Body mass index (BMI)"/>
</coding>
</code>
...
</Observation>
|
| XML contents - response |
|---|
<OperationOutcome xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
<id value="c8bc9de0-5141-40dd-9a06-7134109d8ce0" />
<text>
...
</text>
<issue>
<severity value="error" />
<code value="not-supported" />
<details>
<text value="Unsupported code value" />
</details>
<location value="Observation.code[0]" />
</issue>
</OperationOutcome>
|